Skip to content

Their Story

As their name suggests, grey warblers (riroriro) are small, grey birds known for their loud, warbling trills. Though often overlooked, their distinctive, wavering song can be heard across New Zealand’s forests and gardens.

Their ancestors are thought to have arrived from Australia between 10,000 and 2 million years ago, during the ice ages. This relatively late arrival may explain why riroriro are less vulnerable to introduced mammalian predators than many other endemic species.

Weighing around 6 grams — about the same as a rifleman (tītipounamu) — grey warblers appear larger thanks to their long tails. They have red eyes, black legs and a fine, pointed bill suited to catching insects and other small invertebrates. Agile fliers, they can hover briefly in mid-air, flashing the black and white bands on their tails.

Riroriro nest from August to January, weaving domed, pear-shaped nests from grass, moss, lichens and bark, bound together with spider silk and lined with feathers and soft material. These are suspended from branches in dense foliage, often manuka or kanuka, with a circular side entrance. Māori tradition holds that the nest’s entrance position could predict seasonal weather — facing away from the prevailing wind meant a good year ahead.

Each clutch has 3–5 eggs, incubated and brooded by the female, while the male helps feed chicks and defend the territory. North Island pairs usually raise one brood per season; South Island pairs often raise two.

Riroriro are also well known as the main hosts of the brood-parasitic shining cuckoo (pīpīwharauroa), which replaces one of their eggs with its own. When the cuckoo chick hatches, it ejects the riroriro’s eggs or young, and the unsuspecting warbler parents raise the cuckoo chick as their own.

Conservation Status

Not Threatened

Common and widespread across New Zealand.

Population

Abundant throughout the country in both native bush and urban gardens.

Voice

A loud, clear, warbling trill that rises and falls — one of the most recognisable forest sounds in Aotearoa.

Food

Feeds mainly on insects and small invertebrates, using its fine bill to glean prey from foliage.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

Download the fact sheet PDF here

Help us protect this Sanctuary

Volunteers are the backbone of the Sanctuary and donations, supporter fees, sponsorships allow us to continue our journey protecting the Sanctuary environment and building a place for rare and endangered New Zealand flora and fauna to thrive.

Follow us on Instagram

@brooksanctuary
Share your photos with #brooksanctuary

Summer fledglings are falling from the sky 🐣– here’s what to do if you find a young bird or even get hit on the head by one??

Summer is well on the way, which means there are once again many baby birds fledging everywhere. Often, young birds leave the nest before they are fully fledged. The parent birds will stay close by to keep feeding their offspring. 

The kākāriki in this photo is a good example. This young bird fell out of a tree and even bounced off the head of our avid photographer and friend of the Sanctuary, Charley Cross, before landing in the leaf litter. At first, this fledgling looked injured, but it soon got up and attempted to fly again, getting a few metres away before stopping to figure out what just happened. Whoever said learning to fly was easy?
So, what should you do if you find one of these ‘underaged’ birds?

Inside the Sanctuary
In almost every case you can leave the bird where it is. The Sanctuary is a safe place for young birds, even if they are still unable to fly. Birds, especially young birds, are highly sensitive to stress, and taking them away from their parents’ care will reduce their survival chance significantly.

If you are concerned a bird might be injured, sick, or stuck:
📸 Take a photo
📍Note the exact location
📞 Contact staff at the visitor centre

If you find a dead native bird, please also take a photo, note the exact location, and contact staff.

Outside the Sanctuary
 If a bird on the ground is in immediate danger from cats or dogs, you can try to put the bird back up in a nearby tree.

If the bird is injured or sick, you can take it to Stoke Veterinary Hospital. If it is a native bird, contact DOC on 0800 DOC HOT (0800 362 468).
For further information, see the Wildlife Hospital website:

Especially once avian influenza has reached Aotearoa, it is not advisable to handle wildlife at all. The virus is highly contagious and can be a threat to human health.
Thank you so much for your support in helping our manu through this busy fledgling season. 💚

Look out for more on this subject in our next blog post from Steffi
📷 Photo: Charley Cross
88 0
Ngā mihi nui to Booster Wine Group and @wwfnz 🦎💚

Back in November 2024, generous support from Booster Wine Group ($9,447), WWF-New Zealand ($15,000) and other generous donors who helped make our tuatara translocation possible, returning these ancient reptiles to their ancestral home here in Whakatū Nelson - add with support and guidance from Ngati Koata who are the kaitiaki

Their funding supported key costs such as specialist animal care, transport, habitat preparation and ongoing monitoring for the 56 tuatara now living safely inside our predator-free enclosure at the Sanctuary.

We’re incredibly grateful for partners like Booster Wine Group and WWF-New Zealand, whose commitment to conservation creates a lasting legacy for tuatara and for everyone who visits the Sanctuary to learn about these remarkable taonga. 🌿
37 2
🌿 Ngahere Neighbourhood: koru of the mamaku (black tree fern)

Few sights in the ngahere are as iconic as the unfurling koru of a mamaku (Sphaeropteris medullaris). These towering tree ferns can reach up to 20 metres tall, with elegant black trunks patterned by hexagonal scars from fallen fronds.

Their massive fronds can stretch over five metres long, arching high above the forest floor to form a shady green canopy. The stalks and undersides are covered in small, spiny-edged scales — a key feature that helps distinguish mamaku from other large tree ferns.

Mamaku are widespread across Aotearoa, especially in lowland and coastal forests of the North Island and the wetter regions of the South. As new fronds uncurl, the koru shape symbolises new life, growth, and renewal — a form that continues to inspire art, design, and our connection to nature.

🔎 Species: Sphaeropteris medullaris
 🟢 Conservation status: Not Threatened
 📸 Photo by Rebecca Bowater

#NgahereNeighbourhood #BrookSanctuary #NativePlants #FernFriday #Mamaku #Koru #NewZealandNature #Conservation
46 0
We are proud to acknowledge Ngati Toa Rangitira as kaitiaki of the kiwi pukupuku (little spotted kiwi) now settling into life in the Sanctuary. 

Their guidance and mātauranga were central to this year’s translocation — from naming the birds to the ceremony at our visitor centre. 

Kiwi pukupuku are a treasured taonga, and we’re grateful to work alongside Ngāti Toa Rangatira and our iwi partners in supporting their return to Whakatū. 

Ngā mihi nui to everyone involved in bringing these kiwi home.
74 0
🌼 Ngahere Neighbourhood: mikoikoi (New Zealand iris)

With its elegant fans of golden-green leaves and delicate white blooms, mikoikoi (Libertia ixioides) brings quiet beauty to the ngahere. This hardy perennial herb is found from coastal cliffs to mountain slopes throughout Aotearoa and is a true New Zealand endemic.

In spring and early summer, mikoikoi produces clusters of white, three-petalled flowers that give way to striking orange seed capsules. Its leaves often take on yellow tones in full sun, forming dense clumps that help stabilise soil on ridges and banks.
Mikoikoi belongs to the iris family and is one of several Libertia species unique to Aotearoa. There are two species found within the Sanctuary, with Libertia moorae being endemic to Te Tau Ihu (Top of the South). You’ll often find it along the Sanctuary’s sunny forest edges and stream banks — a subtle but beautiful reminder of our native flora’s diversity and resilience.

🔎 Species: Libertia ixioides
 🟢 Conservation status: Not Threatened
 📸 Photo by Rebecca Bowater

#NgahereNeighbourhood #BrookSanctuary #NativePlants #Mikoikoi #NewZealandIris #Conservation #NewZealandNature
40 0

STRATEGIC SUPPORTERS

NBS-Comm-2col-CMYK-Hires (002)

CONSERVATION CHAMPIONS

Come Visit Us!

651 Brook St, The Brook
Nelson 7010
New Zealand

(03) 539 4920

info@brooksanctuary.org.nz

OPEN HOURS

Wednesday: 10am – 4pm*
Thursday: 10am – 4pm*
Friday: 10am – 4pm*
Saturday: 10am – 4pm*
Sunday: 10am – 4pm*

The Sanctuary is open on all public holidays except Christmas Day.
*Last entry 3pm

PUBLIC TRANSPORT

NBus route 4 visits the Brook Sanctuary 6 days a week and departs from Nelson Airport. Click here for full timetable

Back To Top